Is Nonviolence Always the Best Option?

How to effectively resist authoritarian regimes is one of the most pressing questions of our time. We have seen non-violent movements defeat dictators in contexts as diverse as Gambia and Serbia. At the same time, many repressive governments have survived despite lengthy periods of civic mobilization and resistance. So, what are the limits of non-violent resistance in the context of escalating repression? And what is the most feasible way to use non-violent strategies to generate social change?

The Resistance Bureau was built on and fully endorses peaceful civic resistance. Historical evidence also suggests that non-violent strategies are less likely to backfire – for example, by triggering more violence from the ruling government – and have a better chance at paving the way for a more inclusive and stable form of government. Yet there are also cases in which political violence has received considerable popular support; for example, during the anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa, and more recently during the spate of so-called ‘popular’ coups – namely in West Africa – that have removed leaders who were seemingly determined to set themselves up as ‘presidents for life.’

Does this mean that certain forms of violent resistance could make sense in highly repressive, tightly controlled countries such as Belarus and Uganda? Or is non-violence always the most effective way for citizens to push back and demand needed change?

This show will bring together a diverse set of speakers who are experts in resisting repression from Gambia, Serbia, South Sudan, and Venezuela to help us think through the benefits and limitations of non-violent strategies, as well as new and innovative ways to potentially outmaneuver authoritarian regimes.